La telemedicina è un termine sempre più diffuso per indicare l’erogazione di una prestazione sanitaria adistanza. Introdotta nei primi anni ‘60 in America per monitorare i parametri vitali (battito cardiaco, frequenzarespiratoria) degli astronauti nello spazio, oggi si sta diffondendo sempre più a livello mondiale.Lo scopo di questa review realizzata presso l’Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia è quello didescrivere lo stato dell’arte sulla telemedicina (definizione, storia, campi di applicazione) nei sistemi sanitariinternazionali e nazionali, con un’attenzione particolare per la situazione italiana, attraverso una revisionedi tutti gli studi (review, manoscritti, report) sull’argomento della telemedicina pubblicati tra il 1972 e il 2017.
Leggi ArticoloBackground: The use of telemedicine has grown across several medical felds, due to the increasing number of “e-patients”.Objective: This narrative review gives an overview of the growing use of telemedicine in different medical specialties, showing how its use can improve medical care.Methods: A PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus search was performed using the following keywords: telemedicine, teleconsultation, telehealth, e-health, and e-medicine. Selected papers from 1996 to 2014 were chosen on the basis of their content(quality and novelty).Results: Telemedicine has already been applied to different areas of medical practice, and it is as effective as face-to-face medical care, at least for the diagnosis and treatment of some pathological conditions.Conclusion: Telemedicine is time- and cost-effective for both patients and health care professionals, encouraging its use on a larger scale. Telemedicine provides specialist medical care to patients who have poor access to hospitals, and ensures continuity of care and optimal use ofavailable health resources. The use of telemedicine opens new perspectives for patients seeking a medical second opinion for their pathology, since they can have remote access to medical resources that would otherwise require enormous costs and time.
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